Fiber optic cables yog kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb kom xa cov teeb liab. Lawv cov tub ntxhais muaj fiber ntau (siab refractive index) thiab cladding (low refractive index). Thaum lub teeb pom kev zoo nkag los ntawm cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau, tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas refractive, tso cai rau nws nthuav tawm raws cov fiber ntau. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv cov hauv qab no:
Tus Qauv Tsim:
Cov tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla yog feem ntau 8-62.5 micrometers (kwv yees li 9μm rau ib hom fiber ntau thiab 50/62.5μm rau multimode fiber ntau), thaum lub cladding txoj kab uas hla yog uniformly 125μm.
Cov txheej txheej yog tiv thaiv nrog acrylic resin, thiab nws lub zog tensile yuav tsum siab dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 100kpsi (xws li Corning G.652.D standard).
Transmission Mechanism:
Multimode fiber ntau siv lub teeb ci LED, tsim rau luv luv - nrug (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2km) kis tau tus mob, nrog rau kev siv bandwidth ntawm 1-10GHz·km; Ib hom fiber ntau siv lub teeb pom kev laser, nrog kev sib kis mus txog 80-120km (ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1550nm) thiab bandwidth tshaj 50GHz·km. Teeb liab Modulation:
Cov teeb liab hluav taws xob tau encoded rau hauv optical pulses siv OOK (Ntawm -Off Keying) lossis QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), ua tiav qhov nrawm txog 400Gbps (xws li OSFP ntim qauv).
Loss Control:
Attenuation coefficient must be ≤0.4dB/km (1310nm window), primarily affected by Rayleigh scattering and hydroxyl absorption; Bending radius must be >5cm kom tsis txhob microbending poob.
Application Scenario:
Cov chaw zov me nyuam siv OM4 multimode fiber ntau (850nm VCSEL lub teeb ci); Telecommunications backbone networks siv G.654.E ultra-tsawg poob ib leeg- hom fiber ntau.
Kev lag luam Standards:
IEC 60793-2-10 qhia txog geometric parameter kam rau ua; TIA-568.3-D tau ntawv pov thawj cable kev ua haujlwm.
